SI और CI इंजन की Performance Characteristics | हिंदी में Comparison


SI और CI इंजन की Performance Characteristics

IC Engines को दो प्रमुख वर्गों में बाँटा जाता है — Spark Ignition (SI) और Compression Ignition (CI) इंजन। दोनों की performance characteristics अलग-अलग होती हैं, जैसे power output, efficiency, fuel economy, emissions आदि।

1. Thermal Efficiency

  • SI Engine: Lower thermal efficiency due to lower compression ratio (8–12)
  • CI Engine: Higher thermal efficiency (compression ratio 14–22)

2. Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC)

  • SI Engine: Higher BSFC (less fuel efficient)
  • CI Engine: Lower BSFC → better fuel economy

3. Torque and Power Characteristics

  • SI Engine: High-speed engines → better power at high RPM
  • CI Engine: Low-speed engines → better torque at low RPM

4. Fuel Used

  • SI Engine: Petrol (volatile, premixed)
  • CI Engine: Diesel (less volatile, injected during compression)

5. Combustion Process

  • SI Engine: Homogeneous air-fuel mixture, ignited by spark plug
  • CI Engine: Heterogeneous mixture, auto-ignition due to high compression

6. Emissions

  • SI Engine: Higher CO and HC due to incomplete combustion
  • CI Engine: Higher NOx and particulate matter (PM)

7. Noise and Vibration

  • SI Engine: Smooth and quieter operation
  • CI Engine: Noisier due to high pressure combustion

8. Maintenance and Durability

  • SI Engine: Less durable, more frequent maintenance
  • CI Engine: Robust design, longer engine life

9. Cost

  • SI Engine: Cheaper to manufacture and maintain
  • CI Engine: Expensive due to stronger materials and systems

10. Applications

  • SI Engine: Cars, bikes, scooters, light vehicles
  • CI Engine: Trucks, buses, tractors, generators

Comparison Table

Parameter SI Engine CI Engine
Fuel Petrol Diesel
Ignition Spark Plug Compression
Thermal Efficiency Lower Higher
Torque Lower Higher
Cost Lower Higher
Emissions CO, HC NOx, PM

निष्कर्ष (Conclusion)

SI और CI इंजन की performance characteristics अलग-अलग applications के लिए उपयुक्त बनाती हैं। SI engine high-speed और कम load वाली conditions के लिए बेहतर हैं, जबकि CI engine heavy-duty और fuel-efficient applications के लिए उपयुक्त होते हैं।

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