Operating System Notes | Basic Computer Engineering | RGPV BTech First Year

Operating System

Operating System (OS) एक महत्वपूर्ण System Software है जो User और Computer Hardware के बीच Interface का कार्य करता है। यह Computer Resources जैसे CPU, Memory, Files तथा Input Output Devices को Manage करता है।

Introduction

Computer Hardware सीधे User के साथ कार्य नहीं कर सकता। Operating System Hardware तथा Application Software के बीच समन्वय स्थापित करता है और Computer System को Efficient तरीके से संचालित करता है।

Definition

Operating System एक System Software है जो Computer Hardware Resources को नियंत्रित करता है तथा Users और Applications को सेवाएँ प्रदान करता है।

Operating System = User Interface + Resource Manager

Functions of Operating System

Process Management
Memory Management
File Management
Device Management
Security Management
User Interface

Process Management

OS विभिन्न Processes को Create, Schedule तथा Terminate करता है।

Memory Management

Operating System Main Memory का Allocation तथा Deallocation करता है।

File Management

Files तथा Directories को Organize तथा Manage करने का कार्य OS करता है।

Types of Operating System

Batch Operating System
Multiprogramming Operating System
Multitasking Operating System
Time Sharing Operating System
Real Time Operating System
Distributed Operating System

OS Type	Use
Batch OS	Large Batch Jobs
Real Time OS	Industrial Control
Multitasking OS	Personal Computers

Examples of Operating Systems

Microsoft Windows
Linux
macOS
Android
iOS

Advantages

Efficient Resource Utilization
Easy User Interaction
Security Support
Multitasking Capability
System Stability

Applications

Desktop Systems
Servers
Mobile Devices
Cloud Platforms
Embedded Systems

Viva Questions

What is Operating System?
What are the functions of OS?
What is Process Management?
What is Memory Management?
What is Real Time Operating System?

Exam Oriented Questions

Define Operating System.
Explain functions of Operating System.
Describe different types of Operating Systems.
Explain Memory Management.
Write a note on Real Time OS.

Conclusion

Operating System Computer System का आधार है। यह Hardware Resources को नियंत्रित करता है और Users को Computer का प्रभावी उपयोग करने की सुविधा प्रदान करता है।

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Operating System Notes | Basic Computer Engineering | RGPV BTech First Year